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The Abandoned Submarine Pens of France

Along France's Atlantic coast, Germany built vast concrete bunkers for its U-boats during the Second World War. Bombers could not break them, and today they are museums, art galleries, naval stores and silent ruins.

Places

Hashima (Gunkanjima): The Concrete Coal Island Off Nagasaki

Hashima is a six-hectare rock off Nagasaki that held 5,259 people at its 1959 peak, packed into concrete apartment blocks around an undersea coal mine. Mitsubishi closed the mine in January 1974 and the island was emptied by April. It is now a World Heritage site, and its wartime forced-labour history is still disputed.